What Is VA Disability Compensation?
VA disability compensation is a tax-free monthly benefit paid to veterans who have a service-connected disability — meaning a physical or mental health condition that was caused or worsened by active military service. The amount you receive depends on your disability rating, which is expressed as a percentage from 0% to 100%.
Who Is Eligible?
To qualify for VA disability compensation, you generally must meet these criteria:
- You served on active duty, active duty for training, or inactive duty training
- You have a current physical or mental health condition
- There is a connection between your condition and your military service
- You were not discharged under dishonorable conditions
Pre-existing conditions may still qualify if your service aggravated them beyond their natural progression.
How Disability Ratings Work
The VA assigns a disability rating based on the severity of your condition. Ratings are issued in 10% increments (10%, 20%, 30%… up to 100%). If you have multiple service-connected conditions, the VA uses a "combined ratings" formula — not simple addition — which can be confusing. For example, a veteran with two 50% ratings does not automatically receive a 100% rating.
Rating levels and approximate monthly compensation (for a single veteran with no dependents, as of recent VA schedules):
- 10–20%: Lower monthly payments; no additional dependent supplements
- 30–60%: Moderate compensation; dependent supplements begin at 30%
- 70–90%: Significant monthly benefit; may qualify for additional programs
- 100%: Maximum compensation; may qualify for Total Disability based on Individual Unemployability (TDIU)
Always check the official VA website at va.gov for the most current payment rates, as they are adjusted annually.
Step-by-Step: How to File a Claim
- Gather your evidence. Collect service records, medical records, buddy statements, and any nexus letters from physicians linking your condition to your service.
- File online, by mail, or in person. The fastest method is filing online through VA.gov using the VA Form 21-526EZ.
- Attend your C&P exam. The VA will likely schedule a Compensation & Pension (C&P) exam with a VA or contract physician. Attend this — it is critical to your rating.
- Receive your decision. The VA will mail a Rating Decision letter outlining their findings and your assigned rating.
- Appeal if necessary. If you disagree with the decision, you have the right to appeal through the Supplemental Claim lane, Higher-Level Review, or Board of Veterans' Appeals.
Tips for a Stronger Claim
- Be thorough and honest about how your condition affects your daily life and work
- Obtain a private nexus letter from a qualified physician if possible
- Work with an accredited Veterans Service Organization (VSO) such as the DAV, VFW, or American Legion — their claims assistance is free
- Keep copies of everything you submit
- Track your claim status regularly at VA.gov
Additional Resources
The VA's official benefits portal at va.gov/disability provides detailed information on all aspects of disability compensation. VSOs are often the most valuable resource a veteran can use — they know the system and advocate on your behalf at no cost.